PSPI Proposes Foreign Policy Doctrine to Protect Puntland’s Interests and Freedom of Action

Puntland should adopt a clear foreign policy doctrine that protects its interests, strengthens stability, and preserves independent decision-making, according to a policy paper published by the Puntland Strategic and Policy Institute (PSPI).

Written by Mustafe G. Guufe and Abdirahman Tigey, Puntland’s Foreign Policy Doctrine: Strategic Balance, External Partnership, and Economic Statecraft calls for a coordinated approach to international engagement, with clear objectives for partnerships and careful assessment of the commitments they create.

Part of PSPI’s 2027 edition, the paper presents a proposed doctrine. Its central argument is that Puntland’s diplomatic success should be measured by the strength of its institutions and its ability to protect its interests and determine its future.

The authors advocate broad international engagement while preserving Puntland’s ability to choose partners, review agreements, and reject conditions that undermine its priorities.

“The objective is simple: partnership without subordination.”

That principle underpins the paper’s warning against relying on a single external actor for security, finance, trade, or diplomatic support. Such relationships may deliver immediate benefits, but concentrated dependence can give a partner significant influence over Puntland’s decisions.

The proposed Strategic Middle Path emphasizes diversified partnerships, careful commitments, and the preservation of alternatives. Close cooperation remains valuable, provided it strengthens Puntland’s institutions and leaves it with greater freedom of action.

The same standard applies to ports, trade corridors, investment, and aid. The paper treats these as central elements of foreign policy because agreements governing infrastructure and finance can shape Puntland’s strategic choices for years.

Investment should expand domestic capacity and trade while preserving control over critical infrastructure. Aid should support Puntland’s fiscal priorities and public institutions. Assistance that bypasses those institutions or creates competing structures risks weakening domestic governance.